National Center for Biotechnology Information
Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
HLA genes in Macedonians and the sub-Saharan origin of the Greeks
Tissue Antigens 2001 Feb; 57(2):118-127
Department of Immunology and Molecular Biology, H. 12 de Octubre, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain. aarnaiz@eucmax.sim.ucm.es
Arnaiz-Villena A, Dimitroski K, Pacho A, Moscoso J, Gomez-Casado E, Silvera-Redondo C, Varela P, Blagoevska M, Zdravkovska V, Martinez-Laso J.
HLA alleles have been determined in individuals from the Republic of Macedonia by DNA typing and sequencing. HLA-A, -B, -DR, -DQ allele frequencies and extended haplotypes have been for the first time determined and the results compared to those of other Mediterraneans, particularly with their neighbouring Greeks. Genetic distances, neighbor-joining dendrograms and correspondence analysis have been performed. The following conclusions have been reached:
1) Macedonians belong to the "older" Mediterranean substratum, like Iberians (including Basques), North Africans, Italians, French, Cretans, Jews, Lebanese, Turks (Anatolians), Armenians and Iranians,
2) Macedonians are not related with geographically close Greeks, who do not belong to the "older" Mediterranenan substratum,
3) Greeks are found to have a substantial relatedness to sub-Saharan (Ethiopian) people, which separate them from other Mediterranean groups. Both Greeks and Ethiopians share quasi-specific DRB1 alleles, such as *0305, *0307, *0411, *0413, *0416, *0417, *0420, *1110, *1112, *1304 and *1310. Genetic distances are closer between Greeks and Ethiopian/sub-Saharan groups than to any other Mediterranean group and finally Greeks cluster with Ethiopians/sub-Saharans in both neighbour joining dendrograms and correspondence analyses. The time period when these relationships might have occurred was ancient but uncertain and might be related to the displacement of Egyptian-Ethiopian people living in pharaonic Egypt.
10.08.2006 11:07
Stava duma za dialekt na bylgarskiq ezik. Ne tvurdq , 4e makedoncite pi6at i govorqt na knijoven bg. Izvinqvai, no si e taka. Sorry, 4e pi6a na latinica, ne6to stana s klaviaturata
10.08.2006 16:47
Makedoncite ne govoriat bylgarski be, pich! ti na tva ako mu kazvash bylgarski, nachi si pravish absoliutna gavra s nashiat ezik, cennosti i kultura. Edva li sashtestvuva i 1 makedonec koito da moje da napishe i 1 izre4enie pravilno na bylgarski a ti si trygnal da mi obiasniavash che govoreli bylgarski. Samo ne mi kazvai che i syrbite govoriat na bulgarski. A tova che sa zatvorili BBC na bylgarski kakvo ti prechi. po politicheski prichini e. Ne razgranichavash 2 otdelni ezika, a si mi trygnal da obiasniavash zashto shefovete na BBC sa napravili takyv hod.
Ale nie przejmuj sie, bo kazdy ma swoje opinie i to co odpowiada nemu nie zawsze jest to co inny maja na myslach (By the way, tova e Polski, da ne go obarkash che e bylgarski)
От: nick
ТАКА Е nick
